The Department of Preventive and Social Medicine was first established in the early part of January 1966 with Dr. Ko Ko, (Former Regional Director of WHO, SERO) as part-time Professor and Head, assisted by a part-time lecturer, Dr. Khin Hlaing and a full-time demonstrator. Teaching commenced in November 1966 with 50 Final Part (1) MBBS students. Since 1969, the staff strength had been gradually extended. When Dr. Ko Ko left to work for the WHO in December 1969, Dr. Khin Hlaing became Lecturer and Head of Department. Full-time professorship was granted in 1986 and Dr. Khin Hlaing became the first full-time professor in 1987 February.
The Department has the sole responsibility of teaching Preventive and Social Medicine to undergraduate medical students but since 1978, teaching has been extended to postgraduate medical students of M.Med.Sc (Anatomy), M.Med.Sc (Physiology), and DipObs. Teaching of medical statistics was also rendered to students of M.Med.Sc (Biochemistry).
Since 1998 January, MMed.Sc (Public Health) and Diploma in Public Health Postgraduate courses were introduced at the department of PSM. In the year 2000, Ph.D. course in Public Health was first introduced aiming at producing highly qualified academician of Ph.D. calibers in various fields of Public Health. Postgraduate courses were ceased in 2008 and then M.Med.Sc (Preventive & Tropical Medicine) course was reopened again in 2016 also Ph. D (Preventive & Tropical Medicine) course in 2017.